Hz.Sultan Bahu (RA)

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Hazrat Sultan Bahu (RA) |Sultan-al-Faqr, Sultan-al-Arifin| (1628_ 1691)

Hazrat Sultan Bahu (RA) is one of the most renowned Sufi saints of the later Mughal period in the history of Indo-Pakistan sub-continent. He is often called Sultan al-Arifin (the Sultan of gnostics) in the Sufi circles. His ancestors belonging to ...a tribe of Alvids called Awan and coming from Arabia via Hirat (Afghanistan) had settled in the Soon Sakesar Valley of Khushab District in Punjab. His father, Hazrat Sultan Bazid Muhammad, had served in the army of the Emperor Shah Jahan as a high ranking officer and so in recognition to his services had been awarded a jagir in the Shorkot area. The family migrated to the place and settled at Qalai Shorkot, a settlement at the bank of River Chenab (now in District Jhang, Punjab) Hazrat Sultan Bahu was born there, probably in the 1628 A.D. His mother Mai Rasti (RA) saw a vision of Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) that soon she will be blessed with a child with inherent spiritual qualities whose light of Faqr will benefit many seekers till the end of time. She was instructed to name the child `Ba Hu' - meaning - `With Allah'. This name, most certainly suited this holy personality, for he was always drowned in the Love of Allah. Hazrat Sultan Bahu's (RA) name is incomparable and has no parallel. His very name reflects his lofty spiritual station, pure qualities and attributes. Thus was given the name Hazrat Sultan Muhammad Bahu (RA).

The shrine of Hazrat Sultan Bazid Muhammad (RA) and Mai Rasti (RA) both being Wali's (Allahs’ friend)of their time is in Shorkot . It is said that Hazrat Sultan Bahu has mentioned that it is a must to visit the shrine of his parents before visiting Darbar (Shrine) Sultan Bahu (RA). It is one of the miracles (karamats) of Hazrat Sultan Bahu (RA) that even in early childhood, it was perceived by all those around him that a strange light shone upon his face which compelled people of other faiths to utter Kalima Tayyiba (There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad (P.B.U.H) is His messenger) in his presence. His father died when he was just a child but his mother Bibi Rasti, remained alive till he was forty years old. His mother supervised his education but it must have been irregular because he was often found under the influence of ecstatic states. It seems that his education remained informal to the end. Whatever he expressed or wrote afterwards, it was in the light of his own spiritual vision and knowledge. His mother taught him the essential Sufi exercises of dikhr (invocation of Allah and His Names) and he probably needed no more guidance after that. He was initiated to walk the path of Sufis intuitively.

His spiritual experiences and vision enriched the mind and spirit with so much knowledge that he far excelled his contemporary Sufi masters and Sufi poets in Tasawwuf (Sufism) and Suluk (all about the Sufi Way and its stations and states). In a book he remarks: Though we have little formal learning, yet the spirit has been blessed with holiness by esoteric knowledge. At the age of 30 Hadrat Sultan Bahu (RA) had an extraordinary vision in which he saw Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) through the spiritual recommendations and support of Hadrat Ali (AS) and Hadrat Sheikh Abdul Qadir Jilani (RA). The Prophet (P.B.U.H) Himself took his bay’ah and allowed him to pass on the Sufi teachings. Hadrat Sultan Bahu (RA) often mentions in his books about his presence in the spiritual meetings presided by the Prophet (P.B.U.H) Himself. However in the treaties of the spirit he calls Hadrat Shaikh Abdul Qadir Jilani (RA) as his Murshid (spiritual director). He is always lavish in the praise of Hadrat Shaikh and calls himelf Qadri. In his eyes the teaching of the Qadiriya order were most effective for the spiritual development of the disciples. But at the same time it is evidently clear that by the Qadiriya order he means the one that he himself represented. HE NAMES IT “SARVARI QADRI”.

He died in 1691 A.D. at Shorkot where he was buried close to the river bank. His body however had to be transferred twice to other nearby places due to the floods. Now he lays buried under a beautiful tomb called Darbar Hazrat Sultan Bahu (District Jhang, Punjab). He wrote many books, ghazals and poems in Persian as well as Abiyat in Punjabi. His Punjabi poetry contains spiritual fervor and passionate expression of the exalted state of Divine Love. One is transported to the spiritual dominion while one listens to his Dohas in a melodious voice of the singers. About thirty epistles, treatises and books are still available. Almost all of his works have been written under inspiration in a style peculiar to him. Most often he uses “scatter method” diffusing Sufi doctrine and the methods of spiritual realization in his writings. He was the greatest teacher and propagator of Faqr (spiritual poverty) which is the shining guiding star in his teachings. He may be considered one of the great Revealers in the history of Sufism.

“I made the sharia (Islamic Law) my guide, I got the knowledge of reality from Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H)."

NOTES:

Sultan-al-Faqr: Sultan meaning king (Badshah), Faqr an aspect of Sufism meaning “spiritual poverty” (Those who willingly choose to leave all the desires and temptations of this world to attain Allah, to be one with Him).

Arifin plural of Arif (Gnostic): The arif sees the inward light of the divine being everywhere and is acquainted with Him. They receive the knowledge (esoteric |Batin|, exoteric |Zahir|) directly from Allah. The God conscious Faqir (Gnostic) is aware of each and every spiritual stage (Faqr)

Abyat: A Bait (Plural of Abyat) as a genre of the Punjabi Poetry is a four-lined poem different from the Urdu and Persian quatrains. Its form has a very vast scope for the expression of various subjects and topics ranging from the adoration of God, prophets and saints or the feeling of love |divine and human| to the moral, philosophical or mystical reflections and even the portrayal of some distinctive episodes of tales and legends. Basically the Abyat generally called Dohras are lyrical poems to be sung by the bards, singers, qawals and artists in public or in private. Whenever these are collected in a volume, they are arranged in a peculiar way. The poets themselves or the compilers take up the Abyat beginning with each letters of Arabic alphabet from Alif (a) to ya (last letter) and set them in an order according to this sequence calling such collection Si-harfi. Hazrat Sultan Bahus’ (RA) Abyat called Siharfi, as such have been very popular among the people for their melodious quality as well as for their contents i.e. Sufi wisdom.

REFERENCE

|Abyat -e- Bahu Says Bahu|Translation with an Introduction & notes by Prof. Syed Ahmed Saeed Hamadani |Hazrat Sultan Bahu (RA) Life and Work| Prof. Syed Ahmed Saeed Hamadani |Divani Bahu|

Foreword by Prof. Dr. Annemarie Schimmel translated with an introduction and notes by Prof. Syed Ahmad Saeed Hamadani |RUHI (Of the Spirit)|

Foreword by Professor Dr. Annemarie Schimmel translated by Prof. Syed Ahmad Saeed Hamadani Research and

Compiled by |ghulam-e-Bahu - Derakshan N Khan|
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Hazret Sultan Bahu (RA) [Sultanu’l-Fakir, Sultanu’l-Arifin] (1628-1691)

Hazret Sultan Bahu (RA) Hint-Pakistan alt kıtası tarihinde Mugâl döneminin en meşhur Velilerindendir. Sufi halkalarında sık sık Ariflerin Sultanı olarak isimlendirilir. Ataları Arabistanın Evan denilen Elvidlerin bir kabilesindendir ve Hırat (Afganistan) kanalıyla Puncabi’deki Kuşab kesiminin Sun Sakisar Vadisinde yerleşmişlerdir. Babası, Hazret Sultan Bezid Muhammed, İmparator Şah Câhan’ın ordusunda yüksek rütbeli bir subay olarak hizmet etmiştir ve hizmetlerini tanımak maksadıyla Şorkot bölgesinde bir “cagir
[*]“ ile ödüllendirilmiştir.[/color]

[*][/color] Cagir: “Ca”: Yer , ve “gir”:Tutmak, muhafaza etmek, demektir. Hint-Aryan monarşisi tarafından bir serdara askeri hizmetlerini tanımak için hükümet tarafından verilen bir arazi manasındadır.

Aile bu yere göç etmiş ve Çenap ırmağının kıyısında, Kalay Şorkot’a yerleşmiştir (şimdilerde Puncabi Ceng bölgesindedir). Hazret Sultan Bahu muhtemelen Miladi 1628 tarihinde orada doğmuştur. Annesi Mai Rasti (RA), Muhammed Sallallahu Aleyhi Ve Sellem’i rüyasında görmüş ve kendisine doğuştan ruhani niteliklere sahip, fakriyet nurunun kıyamete kadar pek çok Hakk’ı arayan insana fayda vereceği bir çocuk ile nimetlendirileceği müjdelenmiştir. Çocuğun ismini “Ba Hu (Hu ile)” koyması buyrulmuştur. Bu isim kesin surette onun mübarek kişiliğine uymuştur ki, o daima Allah Aşkında boğulmuştur.

Hazret Sultan Bahu’nun ismi eşsizdir ve başka bir paraleli yoktur. İsmi onun yüksek manevi mertebesini, saf nitelik ve sıfatlarını yansıtmaktadır. Böylece kendisine Hazret Sultan Muhammed Bahu (RA) ismi verilmiştir.

Hazret Sultan Bezid Muhammed (RA) ve Mai Rasti (RA) ,her ikiside Şorkot’taki kendi zamanlarının velileri idiler. Hazret Sultan Bahu bahsetmiştir ki Sultan Bahu (RA) türbesini (Derber) ziyaret etmeden evvel onun ana babasının kabirlerini ziyaret etmek gereklidir.
Hazret Sultan Bahu (RA)’nun kerametlerinden birisi şudur ki, en erken çocukluk yaşlarında, etrafındakiler tarafından yüzü üzerinde parlayan tuhaf bir nur görülürdü ki bu nur diğer inançlardan olan ve onu gören bir çok insanı, onun huzurunda Kelime-i Şehadeti söylemeye mecbur etmiştir.

Babası , o henüz çocukluk yaşlarında iken vefat etmiştir, fakat annesi Bibi Rasti, kendisi kırk yaşlarına gelene kadar yaşadılar. Onun eğitimi annesinin gözetiminde idi fakat düzensiz olmuş olmalıydı ki o sık sık seker (kendinden geçmiş) hallerinin etkisi altında bulunurdu. Öyle görülüyor ki onun eğitimi sonuna dek gayri resmi olarak kaldı. Daha sonra her ne açıkladı ve yazdı ise bu onun kendi ruhani görüş ve ilim nurundandı. Annesi ona temel Sufi zikirlerini ögretmişti ve belkide bundan sonra bir başka bir rehbere ihtiyaç duymadı. Sezgisel (içsel) olarak Sufi yoluna doğru kabul edildi.

Onun ruhani deneyimleri ve görüşü aklı ve ruhu öyle fazla bir ilim ile zenginleştirdi ki akranı olan Tasavvuf ve sulukteki Sufi üstadları ve şairlerine baskın çıkmıştı (geçmişti). Bir kitabında şöyle bir yorum yapmaktadır: Biz azıcık resmi öğrenim görmemize rağmen, ruh batıni ilim ile, kutsallıkla kutsanmıştır. 30 yaşında iken, Hazret Sultan Bahu (RA) olağan üstü bir görüntüde Hazreti Ali (k.v) ve Hazret Şeyh Abdul Kadir Geylani (RA)’nin manevi destek ve tavsiyesi ile Muhammed Sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem’i görmüştür. Resulullah sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem kendisi onun biatını almış ve onun Sufi öğretilerine geçmesine izin vermiştir. Hazret Sultan Bahu (RA) kitaplarında sık sık peygamberin (s.a.v) kendisinin başkanlığında yapılan manevi toplantılarda varlık gösterdiğinden bahseder.

Bununla birlikte ruhuani mukavelelerde Hazret Şeyh Abdul Kadir Geylani (RA)’yi Mürşidi olarak bahsetmektedir. Hazreti Şeyhi methetme hususunda daima oldukça bolluk göstermiştir ve kendisini kadiri olarak çağırırdı. Onun gözlerinde, Kadiriye tarikatının öğretisi, müritlerin manevi gelişimi için en etkin halde idi. Fakat aynı zamanda, aşikar olarak şuda nettir ki , kadiriye tarikatı diyerek kendi temsil ettiği olanı kastetmektedir. Onu “SERVERİ KADİRİ” olarak adlandırmıştır.

Miladi 1691 tarihinde Şorkotta vefat etmiştir ve ırmak kıyısına yakın olarak defnedilmiştir. Cesedi, sel baskınları yüzünden iki kez civar yerlere nakledilmiştir. Şimdilerde “Derber Hazret Sultan Bahu (Puncabi, Ceng kesimi)” isimli güzel bir türbede gömülüdür. Fars diliyle birlikte Puncabi Abiyat dilide olmak üzere birçok kitap, gazel ve şiirler yazmıştır. Onun Puncabi şiiri manevi zevk (lezzet) ve İlahi Aşk’ın yüce haline dair tutku dolu ifadelerdir.

Bir kişi onun beytlerini şarkıcıların melodili seslerinde dinlediğinde hemen manevi aleme sevk olunur. Yaklaşık 30 mektup, mukavele ve kitap mevcut ulaşılabilir haldedir. Hemen hemen eserlerinin tümü kendisine özgü bir sitilde cezbe altında iken yazılmıştır. Çok sık olarak, yazılarında manevi farkındalığın Sufi doktrin ve metodlarını diffüze eden “ dağıtma/saçma metodu”nu kullanır. Manevi fakriyetin en büyük öğretmen ve yayıcılarındandı ki bu onun öğretilerinde parlayan rehberlik eden yıldızdır. Sufizm tarihindeki keşf ehlinin en büyüklerinden birisi olarak değerlendirilebilir.


“Ben şeriatı rehberim yaptım,
Hakikat ilmini Resulullah sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem’den aldım.”


REFERANS

|Beyt -i- Bahu Der Bahu| Çeviri ile Prof.Seyid Ahmed Said Hamadani’nin giriş önsözü |Hazret Sultan Bahu (RA)’nun Hayat ve Eserleri| Prof.Seyid Ahmed Said Hamadani |Divan-ı Bahu|

Önsöz -Prof. Dr. Annemarie Schimmel tarafından çevrilmiş, Prof. Seyid Ahmed Said Hamadani’nin giriş notlarından |RUHI kitabı|

Önsöz –Prof. Dr. Annemarie Schimmel tarafından çevrilmiş, Prof. Seyid Ahmed Said Hamadani Araştırma Merkezi ile

Derleme: gulam-e-Bahu - Derakshan N Khan

Önsöz -Türkçe çevirisi: Barbaros Sert, http://www.muhammedinur.com
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__ALLAH__

As soon as we came to know
The significance of the Name
__Allah__
The love shone more radiantly __O Hu!

It gave warmth
day and night,
made itself felt more and more
__O Hu!

All that fire
Burns in our soul.
The flame, the fuel, the smoke,
All within
__O Hu!

When the love became
Our guide,
says Bahu,
the Love was found
“closer than even the jugular vein” __O Hu!

|Abyat -e- Bahu Says Bahu|Translation with an Introduction & notes by Prof. Syed Ahmed Saeed Hamadani.

Notes:
Name: By repeating the Name one attains the named__ The Essence, Allah__ “Intrinsic worth of the name of Allah” means marifat (the superior knowledge).

“closer…..vein”:

وَلَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنسَانَ وَنَعْلَمُ مَا تُوَسْوِسُ بِهِ نَفْسُهُ وَنَحْنُ أَقْرَبُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ حَبْلِ الْوَرِيدِ
"Wa Laqad Khalaqnā Al-'Insāna Wa Na`lamu Mā Tuwaswisu Bihi Nafsuhu ۖ Wa Naĥnu 'Aqrabu 'Ilayhi Min Ĥabli Al-Warīdi :
We created man. We know the prompting of his soul, and are closer to him than (his) jugular vein”. [ Qur'an, Al-Qaf, (50/16) ]

|ghulam-e-Bahu| Derakshan N Khan.
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__ALLAH__

Biz, ALLAH İsminin öneminin bilincine varır varmaz
Aşk daha da nur saçar bir şekilde parladı
_ Ya Hu!

Gün ve gece sıcaklık "coşku-içtenlik" verdi,
Kendisini daha daha hissettirdi
_Ya Hu!

Bütün bu ateş bizim kalbimizde yanar
Alev, yakıt, duman hepsi içinde
_Ya Hu!

Bahu der ki , Ne zaman ki Aşk Bizim rehberimiz oldu, o zaman
Aşk
“habli'l- veridden bile dahada yakındır” bulundu_Ya Hu!

|Abyat -e- Bahu Says Bahu|Giriş ve Notlar- Çevirisi, Prof. Seyid Ahmed Said Hamadani.

Notes:
İsim: Bir kişi İsmi tekrar ederek İsim sahibine, Öz’e, Allah’a ulaşır. “Allah İsmi şerifinin öz değeri” marifettir.

“closer…..vein”:

وَلَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنسَانَ وَنَعْلَمُ مَا تُوَسْوِسُ بِهِ نَفْسُهُ وَنَحْنُ أَقْرَبُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ حَبْلِ الْوَرِيدِ
"Ve le kad halaknel insane ve na'lemu ma tuvesvisu bihi nefsuh ve nahnu akrabu ileyhi min habli'l- verid:
Hem şanıma kasem ederim ki hakıkat insanı biz yarattık ve biliriz: nefsi onu ne ile vesveselendirir ve biz ona «habli'l -verîd» den daha yakınızdır”. [ Kaf, (50/16) ]

|ghulam-e-Bahu| Derakshan N Khan.
İngilizce’den Türkçe’ye çeviri: Barbaros Sert,

http://www.muhammedinur.com
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Alif Allah XVII

This body
is the cell of true Lord.
Faqir,
have a peep into it
__ O Hu!

Don’t beseech
master khadir
[1]
The fount of life
is within yourself
__ O Hu!

Light the lamp of yearning
in the dark
so that you may find out
the lost abode
__O Hu!

They die
before death,
says Bahu,
who discern
the secret of truth
__ O Hu!

[1] Khadir: In the Sufi love khadir is renowned for leading Sikandar who wished to become immortal, to the Fountain of water of life. Khadir is the name to the person who was found by Moses at “the point where the two seas” met to teach him a particular type of spiritual wisdom. See Quran 18:57-80.

| Abyat -e- Bahu (Says Bahu) | - Hazrat Sultan Bahu (RA). Translation with an Introduction & notes by Prof. Syed Ahmed Saeed Hamadani.
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Alif Allah XIII

Our prayer
is always intended
to be offered only within
__ O Hu!

It is repeated in all positions __
standing,
stooping,
and prostrating
__ O Hu!

Separation is the fire
that burnt out the heart
__ O Hu!

It is only the way of Muhammad (P.B.U.H),
says Bahu,
through which
one can find out
the Lord
__ O Hu!

Notes:
…… the way of Muhammad (P.B.U.H): All that was taught by Muhammad (P.B.U.H), last of the prophets.

| Abyat -e- Bahu (Says Bahu) | - Hazrat Sultan Bahu (RA). Translation with an Introduction & notes by Prof. Syed Ahmed Saeed Hamadani.

Picture source: http://www.thetrueknowledge.org
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Alif Allah XVIII

This body is the cell
of true Lord.
It is the garden
where the spring
blossoms and blooms
__ O Hu!

All the gugglets and prayer-rugs
are within. There
I prostate a thousand times
__ O Hu!

Kaaba and qibla are also within
where I recite illa l-Lah
__ O Hu!

I have found out
the perfect Murshid,
says Bahu,
he himself will take care
of us
__ O Hu!

Notes:

Kaaba: The square House at Makka. The place of pilgrimage for the Muslims all over the world.

Qibla: the direction towards kabaah during the prayers five times a day.

illa l-Lah: The second part of the formula of dikhr. There is no god except God.

| Abyat -e- Bahu (Says Bahu) | - Hazrat Sultan Bahu (RA). Translation with an Introduction & notes by Prof. Syed Ahmed Saeed Hamadani.
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Alif Allah XIX

Let this body of mine
turn into eyes.
Even then
I may not be satisfied
to behold my Murshid
__ O Hu!

Let every hair of mine
turn into millions of eyes.
Let each open
and close in turn
__ O Hu!

Even then
my zeal wouldn’t abate.
Where should I go?
__ O Hu!

The sight of my Murshid is,
says Bahu, like millions and crores of pilgrimages
for me
__ O Hu!

| Abyat -e- Bahu (Says Bahu) | - Hazrat Sultan Bahu (RA). Translation with an Introduction & notes by Prof. Syed Ahmed Saeed Hamadani.

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Alif Allah XX

The world is a menstruating woman who cannot be pure at all __ O Hu!
Curse be upon the life of the Faqir who keeps the world in his house __ O Hu!
Love for the material world keeps away from the Lord. One should check up in time __ O Hu!
To tell the truth, says Bahu, One should divorce the world thrice __ O Hu!

Notes:

“The world is a menstruating woman”. The Muslims have been prohibited to have sexual intercourse with the menstruating women.
Hazrat Sultan Bahu (RA) takes up the smile to express the detachment from the worldly things.

“divorce the world thrice”: In Islam the third announcement of divorce is considered to be final.


| Abyat -e- Bahu (Says Bahu) | - Hazrat Sultan Bahu (RA). Translation with an Introduction & notes by Prof. Syed Ahmed Saeed Hamadani.
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Alif Allah XXI

The world is
a menstruous woman
who is impure
even if she may have a bath
many times
__O Hu!

The learned and the scholars
secretly grieve
for the material gains
__O Hu!

They who are more wealthy
can’t enjoy
sound sleep
__O Hu!

They who’ve renounced the world,
says Bahu,
travel on
light-heartedly
__O Hu!

Notes:

“The world is a menstruous woman”. The Muslims have been prohibited to have sexual intercourse with the menstruous women.

| Abyat -e- Bahu (Says Bahu) | - Hazrat Sultan Bahu (RA). Translation with an Introduction & notes by Prof. Syed Ahmed Saeed Hamadani

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Alif Allah XXII

It is the self that makes the ascetics and scholars bow thereon__ whenever they see the buttered loaf __ O Hu!
But it is the same self who is our companion and loyal to us __O Hu!
One who rides it, finds out the way to the Name of ALLAH __O Hu!
The Path of Faqir is difficult, says Bahu, It is not straight sailing __ Hu!

Notes:

The path of Faqir: The path that the Faqirs teach and follow under the guidance of murshid __ the spiritual director.

| Abyat -e- Bahu (Says Bahu) | - Hazrat Sultan Bahu (RA). Translation with an Introduction & notes by Prof. Syed Ahmed Saeed Hamadani

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